Credits
Special thanks to Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria whose generous permission to use their high-quality facsimiles helped to make Mesolore possible.
Director and Producer
Liza Bakewell, Brown University
Authors
Liza Bakewell and Byron Hamann, University of Chicago
Copyright Holder
Portions of this work are subject to the copyright of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA and are distributed under license from the copyright holder. Brown University disclaims all express and implied warranties regarding the work, including any portions that are subject to its copyright.
Funding
The material in Mesolore is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. DUE- 99-50883, DUE-9652791, and DUE-9455587. It was also supported by the Ford Foundation under Grant Nos. 980-1247; 980-1247-1, and 1000-1995; Brown University; Prolarti Enterprises, LLC; and private donations. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and participants and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or any of the other funders.
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CRÓNICA MIXTECA: EL REY 8 VENADO, GARRA DE JAGUAR, Y LA DINASTÍA DE TEOZACOALCO-ZAACHILA (México:Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1992)
Other sources found in the endnotes of the Tutorials
Photography Consultant
Jennifer Folster, New Paltz, NY
Photographers
Ramon Arzápalo Marín, UNAM
Liza Bakewell, Brown University
Christopher S. Beekman, Etzatlan, Jalisco
Stanley Brandes, University of California, Berkeley
Paul Chilcote
Catherine Colby University of Tennessee, Chattanooga
Garrett Cook, Baylor University
Jeff Fischer, University of Michigan, Dearborn
Jennifer Folster, New Paltz, NY
Matthew Gutmann, Brown University
Byron Hamann, University of Chicago
Annabeth Headrick, Vanderbilt University
Scott R. Hutson, University of California, Berkeley
Justin Kerr, Kerr Associates
Rex Koontz, University of Texas, El Paso
Martha Labell, Jamaica Plain, MA
Miguel León-Portilla, UNAM
Jill Leslie McKeever Furst, More Institute of Art
John Monaghan, University of Oklahoma, Norman
Linda Rosa Manzanilla Naím, UNAM
Peter Menzel, Peter Menzel Photography
Ellen Messer, Brown University
Geoffrey McCafferty, University of Calgary
Jack McDowell, Sunset Editions
Eliot Porter, Amon Carter Museum
Robicsek, Francis, The Carolinas Heart Institute, U. of North Carolina
Patricia Rubertone, Brown University
M. Addison Smith, Brown University
Barbara Tedlock, SUNY Buffalo
E.H. Thompson, Peabody Museum Photographic Archives
Unknown
Mixtec Tutorials Pronunciations
Raquel Alavez, Santa María Peñoles, Oaxaca/US
Raul Alavez, Santa María Peñoles, Oaxaca/US
Aristeo Garcia, Santa Catarina Estella, Oaxaca/US
Oaxacalifornia Writing Contest Consultant
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Peter Allen, Rhode Island College
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Polly Oakleaf Bakewell, Hancock, N.H.
Thomas Woodhouse Bakewell, Hancock, N.H.
Laura Barcia, Mexico City
Monica Bellas, University of California, Riverside
Sarah Boyce Borzilleri, Harvard Kennedy School of Government
Stanley Brandes, University of California, Berkeley
Mannetta Braunstein, The Braunstein Foundation
Gretchen Breese, New England Conservancy
James Buckhouse, San Francisco, CA
Jane Bussey, Miami Herald
Bruce E. Byland, City University of New York
Colin Campbell, President, Rockefeller Brothers Foundation
Armando Chardiet, Vice-President, American Red Cross
Jarat Chopra, Brown University
Laura Couturier, Brown University
Bryan J. Dennis, Mixtec Gateway 1994
Luly Feliciano, Fulbright Scholar, Mexico City
Norman Fiering, John Carter Brown Library, Brown University
S. Tecumseh W. Fitch III, Harvard University
Monica Gali, Washington, D.C.
Richard Burgan Gann, Rhode Island School of Design
Elaine Grossman, Newton, MA
Chris Gutiérrez, Los Angeles, CA
Howard Gardner, Graduate School of Education, Harvard University
Jay R. Hamann, Green Bay, WI
Nancy D. Hamann, Green Bay, WI
Randy Haykin, iminds.com
Doris Heyden, Mexico City
Scott R. Hutson, University of California, Berkeley
Alan Karras, University of California, Berkeley
Jen Kimpton, Johns Hopkins University
Mark King, Atlanta, GA
Dana Leibsohn, Smith College
Michael Lind, Santa Ana, CA
Barbara Lust, Cornell University
Monica Macaulay, University of Wisconsin, Madison
Geoffrey McCafferty, University of Calgaray
Sharisse McCafferty, Calgary, Alberta
Brendan McConville, SUNY Binghampton
Frank Newman, Brown University and Columbia University
Lucile Newman, Brown University
David Niguidula, Annenberg Institute, Brown University
Edward James Olmos, Los Angeles, CA
Adrienne Pine, University of California, Berkeley
John Pohl, University of California, Los Angeles
Julio de Quesada, Citibank, Mexico City
Marcia Quiñones, Dallas Independent School District
Helena Ragoné, University of Massachusetts, Boston
Richard Rockefeller, Health Commons Institute
Jane Gregory Rubin, InterAmericas®, NYC
Donna Searles, Brown University
Laura Sewall, Prescott College
Andy Shainlin, California Institute of Technology, formerly Brown University
Theodore Sizer, Brown University
Priscilla Small, Summer Institute of Linguistics
Clint Smith, Stanford University
Marilyn Smith, Palo Alto, CA
Lisa Sousa, Occidental College
Ronald Spores, Vanderbilt University
Howard Stevenson, Harvard Business School
Laura Stiver, Vanderbilt University
Sirpa Tenhunen, University of Helsinki
Kevin Terraciano, University of California, Los Angeles
Nancy P. Troike, Austin, TX
Thomas N. Tureen, Portland, ME
Heli Uusikyla, United Nations
Kim Volk, Portland, ME
Laura Williams, Signal Mountain, TN
Sherman Wilcox, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
Todd Winkler, Brown University
Andrew Workinger, Vanderbilt University
Participants: Mentors
Ramón Arzápalo Marín, Universidad Autónoma de México
Alejandro de Avila, Society for the Study of Biological Resources of Oaxaca
Jill Leslie McKeever Furst, Moore College of Art and Design
Miguel León-Portilla, Universidad Autónoma de México
Linda Rosa Manzanilla Naím, Universidad Autónoma de México
Geoffrey McCafferty, Ph.D., University of Calgary
Ellen Messer, Brown University
John Monaghan, University of Oklahoma
Julieta Ramos-Elorduy, Universidad Autónoma de México
Barbara Tedlock, State University of New York
Participants: Lectures
Anthony Aveni, Colgate College
Davíd Carrasco, Princeton University
Maarten Jansen, Leiden University
Gabina Aurora Pérez Jiménez, Leiden, Holland
Participants: History versus Propaganda Debate
Elizabeth H. Boone, Tulane University
Joyce Marcus, University of Michigan
John Pohl, University of California, Los Angeles
William T. Sanders, Pennsylvania State University
Linda Schele, (1943-1998), University of Texas, Austin
Jane Bussey, Miami Herald
Elena Poniatowska, Mexico City
Thomas E. Skidmore, Brown University
Rodolfo Stavenhagen, Colegio de México
Raquel Tibol, Mexico City, Mexico
Participants: Indigenous Rights Debate
R. Douglas Cope, Brown University
Jonathan Fox, University of California, Santa Cruz
María Magdalena Gómez Rivera, Dirección General de Equidad y Desarrollo Social del Gobierno, Mexico City
Gaspar Rivera-Salgado, University of Southern California
Rodolfo Stavenhagen, Colegio de México
Lynn Stephen, University of Oregon
Francisco Valdés Ugalde, UNAM and FLACSO
J. Edward Chamberlin, University of Toronto
Albert W. Diamond, President, Air Creebec, Inc.
Sam Deloria, Director, American Indian Law Center, Inc.
Suzan Shown Harjo, President, Morning Star Institute
Arlinda Locklear, Esq., Jefferson, Maryland
Thomas N. Tureen, Portland, Maine
Participants: Gender Debate
Elizabeth M. Brumfiel, Albion College
Meg Conkey, University of California, Berkeley
Matthew Gutmann, Brown University
Rosemary A. Joyce, University of California, Berkeley
Susan Kellogg, University of Houston
Alfredo López Austin, Universidad Autónoma de México
Participants: Cultural Property Debate
Michael F. Brown, Williams College
Christian F. Feest, University of Frankfurt, Germany
Eduardo Matos Moctezuma, Museo del Templo Mayor
Dan Monroe, Peabody Museum-Essex
Marilyn Schmitt, Consultant, Los Angeles, California
Raquel Tibol, Mexico City, Mexico
National Science Foundation
Herb Levitan, Division of Undergraduate Education
Myles Boylan, Division of Undergraduate Education
Myra O. Smith, Colgate College (formerly DUE)
Ford Foundation
Norman Collins, Mexico City
Pablo J. Farías Campero, Mexico City
Linda Fingerson, Media, Arts and Culture
Damien Pwomo, Education, Media, Arts and Culture
John Phillip Santos, Education, Media, Arts and Culture
María Elena Trueba, Mexico City
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Thomas Skidmore, Director
María Elena García
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Heinz Sonntag
Center for Latin American Studies Consortium
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Jo Barstow, University of Connecticut
Kristin L. Jannke DeMuzzio, University of Connecticut
Anne Strah, Yale University
Elizabeth Mahon, University of Connecticut
Department of Anthropology, Brown University
Matilde Andrade
William O. Beeman (Co-PI, 1995-97)
Lina Fruzzetti, Chairperson
Blenda Femenías
Katherine Grimaldi
Matthew Gutmann
Richard Gould, Chairperson
Shirley Gordon
Dwight Heath
Philip Leis, Chairperson
Patricia Rubertone
Patricia Symonds
William Simmons
Libraries, Brown University
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Classroom Beta-Testers, Syllabi Developers
Avi Chomsky, Salem State College
R. Douglas Cope, Brown University
Alice Cornejo, Ribidoux High School, CA
Jerry Dávila, Gustavus Adolphus College
Ellen Finan, Ribidoux High School, CA
Richard R. Hathaway, Veterans Memorial High School, RI
Mathhew P. Hodge, Warwick, RI
Jeffrey Lesser, Emory University (formerly Connecticut College)
Tedman Martínez, New London High School, CT
Martha D. Rekrut, Veterans Memorial High School, RI
Gail Staggers, Community Charter School, CT
Elise Weisenbach, Branford High School, CT
Donna M. Wunk, Veterans Memorial High School, RI
Images found in Lectures
Introduction to Mesomamerica:
Stone carving of Xolotl, # 11-3744. Photo courtesy MNA.
Codex Fejervary-Mayer, page 1. Courtesy NMGM.
Representation of Aztec cosmovision. Illustration by Addison Smith.
Aztec Calendar Stone. Photo by Liza Bakewell. Courtesy of MNA.
Nanahuatzin. Codex Borgia.
Migration, Codex Boturini.
Mexican Flag. Image courtesy Center for Latin American Studies, Brown University.
Codex Durán
Migration from the place of Seven Caves. Codex Boturini.
Codex Mendoza. Image courtesy PMHU.
Introduction to Mesoamerican Mathematics:
Glyphs on stone with lizard. Oaxaca site. © A. Aveni
Glyphs on stone. Temple of the Plumed Serpent. Xochicalco. © A. Aveni
Stelae. Quirigua, Guatemala. © A. Aveni
Tikal Stelae at Tikal site ground. © Liza Bakewell
Photo of the Leyden Plaque. Courtesy A. Aveni
Drawing of Leyden Plaque. Coe after S. G. & F. R. Marely
Photo of Madrid Codex facsimile. Photo © A. Aveni
Photo of Dresden Codex facsimile with Thompson's commentary.
Photo© A. Aveni
The planet Venus rising. © A. Aveni
Photo of Dresden codex facsimile with Thompson's commentary. © Anthony Aveni
Introduction to the Mixteca:
Codex Vindobonensis, page 47. Photo courtesy Maarten Jansen
Landscape with erosion from tree clearing. Village Magdalena
Peñasco. © Aurora Pérez
Aurora Pérez's mother making offering to the spirit of the
Earth (la cosecha). © A.Pérez
"Camino Tamazola '76." © A. Pérez
Mixteca. © Maarten Jansen
Aurora Pérez at Yosonatu. Mixteca. © M. Jansen
Aurora Pérez with maguey plant at Yosonatu. Mixteca.
© M.Jansen
María Jimenez (a curandera) performing ceremonial cleansing
ritual for the milpa, 1981. Chalcatongo, Mexico.
© A. Pérez
Pozok, mole offering; food offering. Thanks to the sprits of
the earth, at harvest Chalcatongo, Mexico. © A. Pérez
María Jimenez performing cleansing ritual at hillside temple
of Yuku Chayu, near Chalcatongo. © A. Pérez
Codex Vindobonensis, page 52. Photo courtesy M. Jansen.
8 Deer Jaguar Claw. Codex Nuttal, page 43.
6 Monkey 'Serpent Quechquemitl.' Codex Selden, page 7.
Codex Nuttal, page 44.
Images from page 15 of the Codex Nuttal.
Images found in Mentors
See "Captions" within Mentors' section
Abbreviations: see under "Permissions"
Audio Permissions
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Photographic Permissions (abbreviations)
Aveni, Anthony Aveni
ACM, Amon Carter Museum (www.cartermuseum.org/home_set.html)
Eliot Porter, Baja, California, 1964, dye transfer print, P1990.51.992.1 Eliot Porter, Baja, California, 1966, dye transfer print, P1990.51.1111.1 Eliot Porter, Broad desert view, Baja California, dye transfer print, P1990.51.1143.1
©Amon Carter Museum, Forth Worth Texas, Bequest of Eliot Porter
AJT, Archivo del Juzgado de Teposcolula (Oaxaca)
Akademische Druck-und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria
(www.adeva.com) for permission to reproduce materials from their facsimiles of: Codices Becker I/II, Codex Borgia, Codex Egerton, Codex Dresdensis, Codex Fejérvary-Mayer, Codex Laud, Codex Peresianus (Paris), Codex Tro-Cortesianus (Codex Madrid), Codex Vindobenensis (Vienna), Codex Vaticanus, and Codex Zouche-Nuttall
Balick, Michael, New York Botanical Garden
Bernath, Ursula
Blinn, Jeff, Moran Towing & Transportation Company, Inc.
BLAC, Benson Latin American Collection, University of Texas, Austin
BNAH, Biblioteca Nacional de Antropología
BT Barbara Tedlock, SUNY, Buffalo, NY
Bradley, Lucy K.
CAL, Colchester Archaeological Trust
Cook, Garrett, Ah Itzs, fig. 4.8, RENEWING THE MAYA WORLD, U. Texas Press (2000)
DAM, Denver Art Museum, Ceramic Figurines, c. 100-450 A.D. Teotihuacan, Mexico, Denver Art Museum Collection, 1983.113, .214, .215, .216 © Denver Art Museum 2001. All Rights Reserved. Department of Photographic Services and Image Rights, clee@denverartmuseum.org. Dates listed in Mesolore's photocaptions come from: Kathleen Berrin and Esther Pasztory, eds., TEOTIHUACAN: ART FROM THE CITY OF THE GODS, Thames and Hudson, Inc., 1993, p.224.
Dalton, Stephen, London, England
Dover Publications (www.doverpublications.com)
EM Ellen Messer
Foto Marburg, Bildarchiv Foto Marburg (www.fotomr.unimarburg.de) Deutsches Dokumentationszentrum für Kunstgeschichte, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
Gates, William. An Outline Dictionary of Maya Glyphs, with a Concordance and Analysis of Their Relationships. pp. 105 ©1931, The Johns Hopkins University Press. Reproduced with the permission of The Johns Hopkins University Press.
GCI, Getty Conservation Institute (www.getty.edu/gci), Los Angeles, California, USA, ©1994, 1995 the J.Paul Getty Trust (TEX.Oax.94.10.48.t, TEX.Oax.94.10.16.t, TEX. Oax.95.1.202.s, TEX.Oax.95.1.45.s)
Hansen, Richard D., Rainpeg Project
Haro, Paula, Mexico City
INAH, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia
JCB, John Carter Brown Library (www.brown.edu/Facilities/John_Carter_Brown_Library)
JHL, John Hay Library, Brown University (Collections: Star, Church, Rare)
JHUP, Johns Hopkins University Press
JLF, Jill Leslie McKeever Furst
JM, John Monaghan
JRE, Julieta Ramos-Elorduy
Justin Kerr Associates, New York, NY
LM, Linda Manzanilla
Lucas, Jaques
Maawad, David, Mexico (www.arts-history.mx/fonca/becas92/artistas/maawad.html)
Matson Museum of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University
McC, Geoff McCafferty
The Mesoamerican Archive, Princeton University (www.princeton.edu/~marp)
MLP, Miguel León Portilla
MNA, Museo Nacional de Antropología, Mexico City
MTM, Museo del Templo Mayor (archaeology.la.asu.edu/tm)
Museo de America, Madrid
MCO, Museo de las Culturas de Oaxaca
NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (www.nasa.gov)
NHPA Natural History Photographic Agency
NMGM, The Board of Trustees, National Museum & Galleries on Merseyside, Liverpool Museum
NYPL, New York Public Library
PMHU, The President and Fellows of Harvard College (Peabody Museum of Harvard University)
Peter Menzel Photography
RAM, Ramón Arzápalo Marín
Robicsek, Francis, The Carolinas Heart Institute, U. of North Carolina
SA, Scientific American
SAR, School of American Research(www.sarweb.org) for the
Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun. Translated by Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble. ©1953, 1970, 1978, 1981, by the School of American Research, Santa Fe. (Books 1, 2, 3, 7)
Sunset Publishing Corporation, Menlo Park, California 94025 (image by Jack McDowell from THE SEA OF CORTEZ).
Suau, Anthony, Italy
Tulane University (www2.tulane.edu)
UPenn, University of Pennsylvania(www.upenn.edu)
UPenn Archives, University of Pennsylvania's Van Pelt
Dietrich Library (Special Collections)
UNAM, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
University of California, Berkeley(www.berkeley.edu)
University of Michigan, Dearborn
University of Salamanca, Spain
UUP University of Utah Press (www.upress.utah.edu) for
the Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun. Translated by Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble. ©1953, 1970, 1978, 1981. (Books 4, 11)
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services (www.fws.gov)
UTP, University of Texas(www.utexas.edu)
WGBH, PBS, Public Broadcasting Service(www.wgbh.org/wgbh)
Wiseman, Sandy, Rara Avis and BXI, Inc.
Yale University Libraries (Beineke, Sterling Memorial, MUDD) (www.yale.edu)
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